Tragic Landslides in Wayanad, Kerala: A Natural Disaster Overview

Tragic Landslides in Wayanad, Kerala

Earlier this week, the Wayanad district in Kerala, India, faced a devastating series of landslides that resulted in over 126 fatalities and left hundreds more injured. These catastrophic landslides were triggered by relentless torrential rains that persisted for several days, uprooting trees, burying entire villages, and severing vital roads and communication links. State officials have characterized the incident as one of the most severe natural disasters in the history of Kerala.

Rescue teams are actively engaged in the grim task of recovering and identifying the deceased, with more than 180 individuals still unaccounted for, suggesting that the death toll may increase further. In response to this calamity, the state government has established temporary hospitals and shelters and has dispatched essential supplies, including rations and clean drinking water, to thousands of residents affected by the disaster. A period of two days of mourning was declared on Tuesday to honor the victims.

What Caused the Disaster?

Wayanad, renowned for its breathtaking natural beauty and rich wildlife, is a hilly region located in northeastern Kerala. This area is a major tourist destination, featuring lush slopes adorned with spice plantations and fertile valleys filled with paddy fields. However, the geographical characteristics of Wayanad, combined with a thick layer of loose soil resting on hard rock, create an environment highly susceptible to landslides, particularly when heavy rainfall occurs.

According to S. Sreekumar, a geologist with extensive experience in disaster management, the elevation and steepness of the slopes, along with the rivulets formed by intense rainfall, exacerbate the risks. Furthermore, modern construction practices and agricultural irrigation techniques have disrupted the natural drainage systems, leading to an increased likelihood of landslides. Mr. Sreekumar emphasizes, “There are high slopes, and people are often settled at the base of these slopes.” He also notes that the escalating frequency and intensity of rainfall, attributed to climate change, play a significant role in these disasters.

Is Kerala Prone to Natural Disasters?

Kerala stands out as one of India’s most developed and densely populated states, boasting high per capita income levels and impressive educational achievements. However, its unique topography, coupled with a heavy monsoon season, makes it vulnerable to natural calamities. The recent construction boom, driven by rapid economic growth, has further heightened the state’s susceptibility to flooding, leading to extensive damage and significant economic repercussions.